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No. CZLOZx Patented July 7, 1885.

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REFRIGERATNG GAR. No. 321,602. Patented July 7, i885-2 ,A Y @.4 m su! tJ L- M "QN Q t l Nflw h@ zu ATTRNEYS.

'UNITED STATES A'rnnr @risica DAVID HENNESSY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

REFRIGERATINc-CAR.

.ESPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 321,602, dated July7, 1885. Application tiled March (3, 1885. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, DAVID HENNEssY, of the city, county, and State ofNew York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inRefrigerating-Oars, of which the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription.

This invention relates to that system of refrigeration for railroad-carsin which an icemachine of any suitable description, and which it isproposed to carry in a separate car, is used to circulate cold brine orother suitable cooling-liquid through all or any of the cars of a train,the whole forming a traveling cooling-plant to be used Vin carrying meatand other perishable articles from place to place, as desired.

lChe invention comprises various novel constructions and arrangements ofparts, whereby air is prevented from lodging in the circulating-pipes tothe stoppage of or interference with the circulation of thecooling-liquid, the whole system of pipes is more perfectly secured andsupported, the same beams that support the pipes in part also serve forsuspension of the meat or other perishable commodities to be preserved,escape of the drip by condensation of moisture on the circulatingpipesis effectually provided for, and other advantages are secured whichenhance the value of the refrigerating system, all substantially ashereinafter shown and described.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part ofthis specification, in which similar letters of reference indicatecorresponding parts in all the igures.

Figure 1 represents a plan View, in part, of a refrigerating car-body,showing, mainly, the arrangement of the pipe for supplying, circulating,and returning the cold brine. Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse section,in part, upon a larger scale, on the line n; .r in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is abroken and partly sectional end view of the car-body; Fig. 4, a verticallongitudinal section, in part, on the line y y in Fig. 2; and Fig. 5, adetail view, mainly showing certain of the means used for carrying offthe drip from the circulating-pipes and for supporting said pipes.

A indicates a refrigerating car or car-body, and which maybe one of aseries of similar construction in or throughout a train of cars, withthe exception of the one end car, that may be restricted to carrying theice-machine or apparatus that serves to supply the cold brine, which hasa continuous circulation through the car or cars from the cold-brinetank of the ice apparatus and back again, as in the refrigerating systeml have hereinbefore referred to, the ice-machine or apparatus being ofany suitable description, and any suitable pump or forcing means beingused for keeping up the circulation of the cold brine in therefrigerating car or cars. Each of said refrigerating cars or car-bodiesA may be constructed at its side and top with an outer casing, leaving aspace, Z), for sawdust or other non-conducting materials, and outside ofthis again another casing having an air-space, c. The roof of the car insuch cases is composed of three separated roofs, d c f. About thisconstruction in itself nothing here is claimed as new.

B isthe brine-supply pipe from the coldbrine tank of the ice-machine; C,the return pipe for the brine back to said tank after circulationthrough the car or cars, and D the brinecirculating pipes of greaterarea than the supply or return pipes, all arranged in the upper portionof the carimmediately beneath the lower roof, f. The supply and returnpipes B C are or may be continuous, as heretofore, throughout the wholeseries of refrigeratingcars in the train, subject to control by cocks g,and the inlet-pipe F- and outlet-pipe F,con necting the supply andreturn pipes B C with the circulating pipes D, be provided with cocks h,all for establishing or restricting and regulating the circulation ofthebrine through any one or any number of the cars of the train atpleasure or as circumstances may require, as in the refrigerating systemthis invention has reference to. In the arrangement represented in thedrawings, however, it will be noticed that the inlet branch pipe E forthe brine from the supply-pipe B to the circulating-pipes D is setinclining upward in direc` tion of its connection with saidcirculatingpipes,and that it connects therewith near their bottom orlower level,while the outlet branch pipe vF connects with thecirculating-pipes near their top or higher level, and has or may have anupward crook, t', in it at its connection with the circulating-pipes.This construction and arrangement relatively tothe IOC and theirconnections, are supported in part by a series of cross-beams,G,whichalso serve as the means of suspension for the meat or other substancesto be lpreserved in transit. This is done by means of chairs H, securedon the beams G, and arranged to receive the circulating-pipes D downwithin them; but as the weight of said pipes, added to the weight of thesuspended meat or substances to be preserved, would be considerable, andliable to strain the beams G, and so to break or impair the joints ofthe pipes, said beams are stiffened or strengthened by clips or straps Iand rods or bars 7c, connecting them with angleirons Z, secured to thelower roof, f, of the car, and these angle-irons in their turn aresupported by bolts m and strips n with the next upper roof, e. In thisway the pipes are both supported from beneath and suspended fromabove,and the beams Gare held stiff and firm.

The chairs H are of peculiar construction, they being not merely made toreceive the circulatingpipes D within them, but also made with a recess,r, to receive within or through them, and directly beneath thecirculatingpipes, a series of longitudinal gutters, s, which connect atthe one end of the car with a crossgutter, s', for carrying off dripproduced by condensation of moisture on the pipes D, and which isultimately discharged down an escape-pipe, u, having a sealing-trap, fu,to prevent the ingress of warm air, &c. Furthermore, said chairs H areleft open at their tops,

as at w, immediately beneath the pipes D, to prevent collection of dripbetween the chairs and the pipes and allow of the free escape ofcondensed moisture at such parts and throughout the whole length of thepipes.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent- 1. In refrigerating-cars in which cold brineAgain, the

or liquid is circulated through pipes within the car, the combination,with the circulating pipes D, brine-supply pipe B, and brine-return pipeC, of the branch inlet-pipe E, arranged to rise or incline upward fromits connection with the supplypipe to its connection with thecirculating-pipes, substantially as and for the purpose herein setforth.

2. In refrigerating-cars in which cold brine or liquid is circulatedthrough pipes within the car, the combination, with the circulatingpipesD, brine-supply pipe B, and brine-return pipe C, of the branch inletpipeE, arranged to connect the supply-pipe with the circulating-pipes at ornear the bottom or lower level of the latter, and the branchbrine-outlet pipe F, arranged to connect the return-pipe with thecirculating-pipes at or near their top or higher level, essentially asand for the purposes described.

3. The branch outlet-pipe F, constructed with an upward bend or crook,i', in combination with the brine-return pipe C and the brine-circulating pipes D, substantially ,as specified. l

4. In a refrigerating-car, the combination, with the brine-circulatingpipes D and chairs supporting the same, of the beams G, for carrying thechairs and for suspending the arti-V cles to be preserved within thecar, essentially as described.

5. The combination, with the brine-circulating pipes D, chairs carryingthe same, and the beams G, carrying the chairs, of the straps or clipsI, bars or connections k, angle-irons Z, bolts m, and roofs e f,substantially as and for the purposes specified.

6. In a refrigerating-car, the combination, with the brine-circulatingpipes D, of the gutters s s and the dripoutlet pipe u, constructed orprovided with a trap, c, essentially as described.

7. The chairs H, constructed with a lower recess, r, and with an'opening, w, in their top for reception of the brine-circulating pipes D,and gutters s, for carrying off the drip from said pipes, substantiallyas herein set forth.

DAVID HENNESSY.

Witnesses:

C. SEDGWIOK, E. M. CLARK.

